Common Machining Methods For Turning Shaft Parts

1, External turning
External turning is the most common method for turning shaft parts. The processing principle is to use the workpiece as the spindle on the lathe, and use cutting tools to rotate and cut the outer diameter of the workpiece to achieve the purpose of machining and forming the part. External turning can be divided into three stages: rough turning, semi precision turning, and precision turning. Different machining stages require the selection of different tools and parameters to ensure machining quality.
Advantages: High precision of outer radius and low cost.
Disadvantages: External turning can only process simple shaft parts. If complex non-standard structures need to be processed, other processing methods need to be used.
2, Inner hole boring
Inner hole boring is a method of forming a workpiece by rotating a turning tool inside the hole and scraping the hole wall. The selection and combination of inner hole boring should be based on design and process requirements to meet the needs of machining different hole sizes and shapes of workpieces.
Advantages: For complex shaped workpiece parts, inner hole boring is one of the most commonly used machining methods. It is possible to achieve rough machining inside the hole, thereby saving a lot of rework processes.
Disadvantages: The machining difficulty of inner hole boring is relatively high, requiring the use of various special tools such as chucks and machines, making it difficult to locate and clamp the workpiece.
3, Multi pass turning
Multi pass turning is a machining method that combines multiple turning methods to gradually process workpieces from raw blanks into finished parts through different machining strategies and technical means. Multi pass turning is generally applied to the processing of complex shaft components such as the combination of outer circles, inner holes, and end faces, as well as horizontal axis turning devices.
Advantages: Multi pass turning can process the outer diameter, inner diameter, and end face separately, achieving maximum machining quality and efficiency. It is a relatively efficient machining method.
Disadvantages: The multi pass turning process is complex and requires multiple sets of cutting tools and processing equipment, resulting in higher costs.
In summary, external turning, internal boring, and multi pass turning are commonly used machining methods for turning shaft parts. But it is necessary to choose the appropriate processing method based on the characteristics and processing requirements of different workpieces to ensure a balance between processing quality and cost control.